1. Power Input:

• When you plug in your laptop to a power source or turn on the battery, the power input circuitry receives the power supply.Laptop Power Input Circuitry
• This circuitry handles the different power sources (AC adapter or battery) and ensures that the power provided is within acceptable voltage and current limits.

2. Power Distribution:

• The power is then distributed to various sections of the motherboard, such as the CPU, memory, chipset, and GPU, through voltage regulation and power distribution circuits.
  
  

  Laptop Power Distribution Circuits
• These circuits provide the correct voltage levels to each component and protect them from overvoltage or overcurrent.

3. BIOS Initialization:

• Once the voltage levels are stable, the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) starts up.
  
  

  Laptop BIOS
• The BIOS is a small program stored on a chip on the motherboard that performs a series of tests to make sure that all the hardware is working properly.

4. Operating System Loading:

• If all the BIOS tests pass, the BIOS will then load the operating system from the hard drive or SSD.
  
  

  Laptop Operating System Loading
• The operating system is the software that controls the laptop and provides the user interface.

5. Device Initialization:

• After the operating system is loaded, it will initialize all the devices connected to the laptop, such as the keyboard, mouse, Wi-Fi, and USB devices.
  
   

  Laptop Device Initialization
• This process can take a few seconds to a few minutes, depending on the number of devices and the speed of the laptop.

6. User Login:

• Once all the devices are initialized, the user can log in to the operating system and start using the laptop.

Additional Notes:

• The specific power sequence may vary depending on the laptop model and manufacturer.
• Some laptops may have additional features, such as sleep mode or hibernation, that affect the power sequence.
• If you are troubleshooting a power problem with your laptop, see in the schematic.